A cikin neman babban ƙarfi da nisa mai tsayin watsawa a cikin tsarin sadarwa na gani na zamani, hayaniya, azaman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun zahiri, koyaushe yana hana haɓaka aiki.
A cikin al'adaEDFAerbium-doped fiber amplifier tsarin, kowane tazarar watsawa na gani yana haifar da kusan 0.1dB na hayaniya maras lokaci (ASE), wanda aka samo asali a cikin yanayin bazuwar yanayin hulɗar haske / lantarki yayin aikin haɓakawa.
Wannan nau'in amo yana bayyana azaman matakin picosecond jitter a cikin yankin lokaci. Dangane da tsinkayar samfurin jitter, a ƙarƙashin yanayin rarrabuwa na 30ps/(nm · km), jitter yana ƙaruwa da 12ps lokacin watsa 1000km. A cikin mita mita, yana haifar da raguwa a cikin rabon sigina-zuwa-amo (OSNR), yana haifar da asarar hankali na 3.2dB (@ BER=1e-9) a cikin tsarin 40Gbps NRZ.
Babban kalubalen da ya fi dacewa ya fito ne daga haɗakarwa mai ƙarfi na tasirin fiber mara nauyi da tarwatsawa - ƙimar watsawa na fiber na al'ada guda ɗaya (G.652) a cikin taga 1550nm shine 17ps / (nm · km), haɗe tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lokaci wanda ya haifar da canjin lokaci na kai (SPM). Lokacin da ƙarfin shigarwar ya wuce 6dBm, tasirin SPM zai canza yanayin motsin bugun jini sosai.
A cikin tsarin 960Gbps PDM-16QAM da aka nuna a cikin adadi na sama, bude ido bayan watsawa na 200km shine 82% na ƙimar farko, kuma Q factor yana kiyaye shi a 14dB (daidai da BER ≈ 3e-5); Lokacin da aka tsawaita nisa zuwa 400km, tasirin haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwar ƙetare (XPM) da haɗuwa guda huɗu (FWM) yana haifar da matakin buɗe ido ya ragu sosai zuwa 63%, kuma ƙimar kuskuren tsarin ya wuce ƙaƙƙarfan yanke shawarar kuskuren gyara kuskuren FEC na 10 ^ -12.
Ya kamata a lura cewa tasirin mitar mitar laser na daidaitawa kai tsaye (DML) zai kara tabarbarewa - ma'aunin alpha (matsayin haɓaka layin layi) ƙimar laser na yau da kullun na DFB yana cikin kewayon 3-6, kuma canjin mitar sa nan take zai iya kaiwa ± 2.5GHz (daidai da ma'aunin chirp C = 2.5GHz/mA, sakamakon haɓakawa na yanzu) a cikin wani ƙimar girma 38% (cumulative dispersion D · L=1360ps/nm) bayan watsa ta hanyar 80km G.652 fiber.
Tashar tashoshi a cikin tsarin rarraba maɓalli na tsawon zango (WDM) ya ƙunshi cikas mai zurfi. Ɗaukar tazarar tazarar 50GHz a matsayin misali, ƙarfin tsangwama da haɗewar igiyoyin ruwa guda huɗu (FWM) ke haifarwa yana da ingantaccen tsawon Leff na kusan kilomita 22 a cikin filaye na gani na yau da kullun.
Tashar tashoshi a cikin tsarin rarraba maɓalli na tsawon zango (WDM) ya ƙunshi cikas mai zurfi. Ɗaukar tazarar tazarar ta 50GHz a matsayin misali, ingantaccen tsawon ƙarfin tsoma baki da aka samar ta hanyar haɗaɗɗun igiyoyin ruwa guda huɗu (FWM) shine Leff = 22km (daidai da ƙimar haɓakar fiber attenuation α=0.22 dB/km).
Lokacin da aka ƙara ƙarfin shigar da ƙara zuwa + 15dBm, matakin ƙetare tsakanin tashoshi da ke kusa yana ƙaruwa ta 7dB (dangane da tushen -30dB), tilasta tsarin don ƙara gyara kuskuren gaba (FEC) redundancy daga 7% zuwa 20%. Tasirin canja wurin wutar lantarki da aka haifar da kuzarin watsawar Raman (SRS) yana haifar da asarar kusan 0.02dB a kowace kilomita a cikin tashoshi masu tsayi masu tsayi, wanda ke haifar da tsomawar wutar lantarki har zuwa 3.5dB a cikin tsarin C + L band (1530-1625nm). Ana buƙatar diyya ta gangara ta ainihi ta hanyar madaidaicin riba mai ƙarfi (DGE).
Ana iya ƙididdige ƙayyadaddun tsarin aiki na waɗannan tasirin jiki a hade ta hanyar samfurin nesa na bandwidth (B · L): B · L na tsarin daidaitawa na NRZ na yau da kullun a cikin fiber G.655 (fiber dispersion ramawa) kusan 18000 (Gb/s) · km, yayin da tare da daidaitawar PDM-QPSK da fasahar gano ma'auni, ana iya haɓaka wannan alamar zuwa 28000000EC (SDGb-EC) 9.5dB).
A yankan-baki 7-core x 3-yanayin sarari division multiplexing fiber (SDM) ya samu damar watsawa na 15.6Pb / s · km (ɗaya fiber iya aiki na 1.53Pb / sx watsa nisa na 10.2km) a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje yanayi ta hanyar rauni hada guda biyu inter core crosstalk iko (<-40dB / km).
Don kusanci iyakar Shannon, tsarin zamani yana buƙatar haɗaɗɗen ƙirar yuwuwar (PS-256QAM, cimma 0.8dB siffata riba), daidaitawar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa (Ingantacciyar diyya ta NL ta inganta da 37%), da rarraba haɓakar Raman (DRA, samun daidaiton gangara ± 0.5dB) fasahar haɓakar fasahar mota ta Q-6000D. 2dB (daga 12dB zuwa 14dB), kuma shakata da OSNR haƙuri zuwa 17.5dB/0.1nm (@ BER=2e-2).
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-12-2025