A wannan zamanin da ake samun ci gaba cikin sauri a intanet, fasahar samun damar amfani da fiber optic ta shiga cikin kowane fanni na rayuwarmu. Haɗin hanyar sadarwa mai karko da sauri yana da mahimmanci ko kuna jin daɗin kallon shirye-shiryen talabijin, kuna yin wasanni a gida, ko kuna gudanar da kasuwanci daban-daban yadda ya kamata a cikin kasuwancin. Daga cikin fasahohin da yawa don samun damar amfani da fiber optic, babu shakka EPON da GPON sune mafi kyau. A yau, bari mu zurfafa cikin bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin waɗannan fasahohin biyu tare.
Asalin Fasaha da Tsarin Yarjejeniyar Daidaitacce
EPON, hanyar sadarwa ta gani ta Ethernet mai wucewa ana haɓaka ta ne bisa fasahar Ethernet. Tana bin ƙa'idar IEEE 802.3ah. Wannan ƙa'idar tana kafa alaƙa ta halitta da kusanci tsakanin EPON da Ethernet, domin tana ɗaukar tsarin firam na Ethernet kai tsaye, kamar sanya Ethernet a kan "shafin" hanyar samun damar fiber optic. Ga waɗanda suka riga sun saba da fasahar Ethernet, kula da kayan aikin EPON, gudanar da hanyar sadarwa, da sauran ayyuka kamar aiki ne a wani fanni da aka saba, mai sauƙin koyo da sauƙin fahimta. Misali, a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta harabar jami'a wacce ta riga ta shimfida layukan Ethernet sosai, idan ana buƙatar haɓakawa zuwa hanyar samun damar fiber optic, fasahar EPON za ta iya cimma haɗin kai mai sauƙi tare da na'urorin Ethernet da ke akwai.
GPON, Ma'aunin Gigabit Passive Optical Networks shine jerin ITU-T G.984. Yana ɗaukar tsarin encapsulation mai rikitarwa da rikitarwa - GEM (Hanyar Encapsulation ta GPON). GEM kamar "akwatin ajiya" ne mai wayo wanda zai iya tsarawa da kuma haɗa nau'ikan kwararar kasuwanci daban-daban yadda ya kamata. Wannan yana sa GPON yayi aiki sosai wajen gudanar da kasuwanci, ko kiran murya ne, watsa bayanai mai yawa, ko sake kunna bidiyo mai inganci, GPON na iya amsawa cikin sauƙi kuma cikin sauƙi. A cikin hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar haɗin kai wacce ke ba masu amfani damar shiga Intanet, IPTV da ayyukan VoIP a lokaci guda, GPON na iya sarrafawa da watsa waɗannan nau'ikan kwararar sabis daban-daban cikin tsari ta hanyar ƙarfin ikon daidaita sabis ɗinsa, don tabbatar da cewa kowane sabis zai iya aiki cikin kwanciyar hankali da inganci.
Sauri da ingantaccen bandwidth
Yawan haɗin sama da saukar da bayanai na EPON yawanci suna da daidaito, tare da matsakaicin saurin gudu na 1.25Gbps. Duk da haka, a cikin ainihin tsarin watsawa na hanyar sadarwa, saboda yawan firam ɗin Ethernet da ke ciki, kamar bayanai daban-daban na sarrafawa da ake ɗauka a farkon da ƙarshen firam ɗin, kodayake waɗannan bayanan suna da mahimmanci don isar da bayanai daidai da kuma sarrafa su, suna kuma ɗauke da wasu albarkatun bandwidth, wanda ke haifar da ingantaccen bandwidth da ake amfani da shi don aika bayanan mai amfani ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na asali na 1.25Gbps.
GPON ya fi fice a fannin gudu, tare da saurin saukar da bayanai har zuwa 2.488Gbps da kuma saurin saukar da bayanai na 1.244Gbps ko 2.488Gbps. GPON yana amfani da tsawon firam na 125 μs kuma yana da ingantaccen tsarin rarraba bayanai na bandwidth. Kamar a kan babbar hanya, GPON ba wai kawai yana faɗaɗa layukan ba ne, har ma yana inganta ƙa'idodin aika bayanai ta hanyar zirga-zirga, yana ba motoci (bayanai) damar tafiya cikin sauƙi da inganci. Ta wannan hanyar, GPON ya fi EPON kyau sosai a ingancin bandwidth kuma yana iya aika ƙarin bayanai a cikin lokaci ɗaya.
Rabon bakan gizo
Rabon rabawa muhimmin ma'auni ne don auna ƙarfin ɗaukar hoto na fasahar samun damar fiber optic da kuma adadin masu amfani da ke ɗauke da shi. Yana nufin rabon na'urorin sadarwa na gani (ONUs) da tashar layin gani (OLT) za ta iya haɗawa da su.
Rabon raba EPON gabaɗaya shine 1:32, kuma tare da ingantaccen tsari na musamman, yana iya kaiwa har zuwa 1:64. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta EPON, na'urar OLT ɗaya zata iya haɗawa har zuwa 32, kuma a cikin mawuyacin hali, tashoshin masu amfani da ONU 64. Misali, a cikin gina hanyar samun damar fiber optic a yankin zama, idan ana amfani da fasahar EPON kuma rabon rabawa shine 1:32, to na'urar OLT ɗaya zata iya samar da ayyukan samun damar hanyar sadarwa kawai ga gidaje 32 mafi girma.
GPON yana da fa'ida mafi girma dangane da rabon rabawa, tare da rabon rabawa har zuwa 1:64, kuma ko da a wasu yanayin cibiyar sadarwa da aka tsara da kyau kuma aka inganta, yana iya cimma rabon rabawa na 1:128. Babban rabon rabawa yana sa GPON yayi aiki mafi kyau dangane da kewayon ɗaukar hoto da adadin masu amfani da aka haɗa. Idan aka ɗauki yankunan karkara a matsayin misali, saboda faɗin yankinsu da kuma rarrabawar masu amfani da aka watsar, idan aka ɗauki fasahar GPON, ta amfani da halayen rabon gani mai yawa, na'urar OLT ɗaya za ta iya samar da ayyuka ga ƙarin masu amfani, tana rage farashin saka hannun jari na kayan aiki sosai da kuma rage wahalar ginawa da kula da hanyar sadarwa.
Kudin kayan aiki da jituwa
Na'urorin EPON suna da wasu fa'idodi na farashi saboda dogaro da fasahar Ethernet mai girma. Kudin kayan aikinta yana da ƙasa kaɗan, wanda yake da kyau sosai ga ayyukan gina hanyar sadarwa tare da ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi da kuma sauƙin amfani da farashi. Misali, a cikin gina hanyar sadarwa ta wasu ƙananan kamfanoni ko ayyukan gyaran hanyar sadarwa na tsoffin wuraren zama, saboda ƙarancin kuɗi, ana iya nuna fa'idar kayan aikin EPON mai araha sosai. Bugu da ƙari, saboda kyakkyawan jituwa tsakanin EPON da Ethernet, na'urorin EPON na iya haɗawa cikin sauƙi tare da kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa na yanzu a cikin yanayi inda ake amfani da Ethernet sosai, ba tare da buƙatar maye gurbin kayan aiki masu girma ba, wanda ke ƙara rage farashin haɓaka hanyar sadarwa.
Na'urorin GPON, saboda fasaharsu mai sarkakiya, suna da babban kuɗin bincike da samarwa ga muhimman abubuwan da suka haɗa da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, wanda ke haifar da tsadar kayan aiki gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, na'urorin GPON, tare da ƙarfin aiki da ƙarfin tallafin kasuwanci mai yawa, sun nuna ƙima ta musamman a wasu yanayi waɗanda ke buƙatar babban aikin cibiyar sadarwa da bambancin kasuwanci. Misali, a cikin manyan cibiyoyin kasuwanci, ya zama dole a biya buƙatun samun damar hanyar sadarwa mai sauri na 'yan kasuwa da yawa a lokaci guda, samar da ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa mara waya mai ɗorewa ga abokan ciniki, da kuma cimma ayyuka daban-daban na kasuwanci kamar gudanar da gini mai wayo. Na'urorin GPON na iya samar da tallafi mai inganci ga waɗannan buƙatun kasuwanci masu sarkakiya tare da kyakkyawan aiki da sassauci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-17-2025