LAN da SAN suna tsaye ne don Cibiyar Sadarwar Yanki da Wurin Adana, bi da bi, kuma duka su ne tsarin sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa na farko a cikin amfani da yawa a yau.
LAN tarin kwamfutoci ne da abubuwan da ke raba hanyar sadarwar waya ko mara waya zuwa sabar da ke cikin yankuna daban-daban. A SAN a cikin hanyar sadarwa, a gefe guda, yana ba da haɗin kai mai sauri kuma an tsara shi don cibiyoyin sadarwa masu zaman kansu, yana ba da damar haɗin kai maras kyau na sabobin da yawa tare da nau'ikan na'urorin ajiya masu yawa.
Don haka, maɓalli biyu masu mahimmanci da ake amfani da su a cikin takwarorinsu na cibiyar sadarwar kwamfuta sune LAN switches da SAN switches. Duk da cewa LAN switches da SAN switches duk tashoshi ne na sadarwar bayanai, amma suna da bambance-bambance, don haka bari mu dubi ƙasa.
1 Menene sauyawar LAN?
Canjawar LAN hanya ce ta sauya fakiti da ake amfani da ita don watsa fakiti tsakanin kwamfutoci akan LAN a cikin hanyar sadarwa na yanki. Wannan dabarar tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a ƙirar hanyar sadarwa kuma tana iya haɓaka haɓakar LAN sosai da kuma rage ƙarancin bandwidth. Akwai nau'ikan LAN guda huɗu:
Multilayer sauyawa MLS;
Layer 4 canzawa;
Layer 3 canzawa;
Layer 2 canzawa.
Ta yaya maɓalli na LAN ke aiki?
Maɓallin LAN shine maɓallin Ethernet wanda ke aiki bisa ka'idar IP kuma yana ba da haɗin kai mai sauƙi tsakanin masu aikawa da masu karɓa ta hanyar haɗin kai na tashar jiragen ruwa da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar babban adadin masu amfani da ƙarshen su raba albarkatun cibiyar sadarwa. Maɓallan LAN suna aiki azaman masu sauya fakiti kuma suna iya ɗaukar watsa bayanai da yawa a lokaci guda. Suna yin hakan ne ta hanyar bincika adireshin inda kowane firam ɗin bayanai ke nufi kuma nan da nan ya tura shi zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa da ke da alaƙa da na'urar da aka nufa.
Babban aikin sauya LAN shine biyan buƙatun ƙungiyar masu amfani ta yadda za su iya samun damar haɗin kai tare da sadarwa ba tare da wata matsala ba. Ta hanyar amfani da iyawar LAN sauyawa, babban yanki na zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa na iya kasancewa a cikin ƙananan sassan LAN. Wannan yanki yana rage cunkoson LAN gaba ɗaya yadda ya kamata, yana haifar da sauƙin canja wurin bayanai da aikin cibiyar sadarwa.
2 Menene sauyawa SAN?
Wurin Yanar Gizon Yanar Gizo SAN sauyawa hanya ce ta musamman na ƙirƙirar haɗin kai tsakanin sabobin da wuraren ajiyar ajiya da aka raba don kawai manufar sauƙaƙe canja wurin bayanai masu alaƙa da ajiya.
Tare da SAN switches, yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙira manyan sikelin, cibiyoyin sadarwar ajiya masu sauri waɗanda ke haɗa sabar da yawa da samun damar adadin bayanai masu yawa, galibi suna kaiwa petabytes. A cikin aikin su na asali, SAN masu sauyawa yadda ya kamata suna daidaita zirga-zirga tsakanin sabar da na'urorin ajiya ta hanyar duba fakiti da jagorantar su zuwa wuraren da aka ƙaddara. A tsawon lokaci, maɓallan ma'ajiya na yankin cibiyar sadarwa sun samo asali don haɗa abubuwa na ci gaba kamar sakewar hanya, bincike na cibiyar sadarwa, da gano bandwidth ta atomatik.
Ta yaya maɓallan Fiber Channel ke aiki?
Canjin tashoshi na Fiber shine maɓalli mai mahimmanci a cikin cibiyar sadarwar yankin ajiya SAN wanda ke taimakawa canja wurin bayanai da kyau tsakanin sabobin da na'urorin ajiya. Canjin yana aiki ta hanyar ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa mai sauri mai zaman kanta wanda aka tsara don adana bayanai da dawo da bayanai.
A ainihinsa, Canjin Fiber Channel yana dogara ne da kayan masarufi na musamman da software don sarrafawa da sarrafa zirga-zirgar bayanai. Yana amfani da ka'idar Tashar Fiber, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar sadarwa mai ƙarfi wacce aka keɓance don mahallin SAN. Kamar yadda ake aika bayanai daga uwar garken zuwa na'urar ajiya kuma akasin haka, an lullube shi a cikin firam ɗin Fiber Channel, yana tabbatar da amincin bayanai da watsawa cikin sauri.
Canjin SAN yana aiki azaman ɗan sanda na zirga-zirga kuma yana ƙayyade hanya mafi kyau don bayanai don tafiya ta SAN. Yana bincika tushen da adireshi na gaba a cikin firam ɗin tashar Fiber don ingantacciyar hanyar sarrafa fakiti. Wannan hanya ta hankali tana rage jinkiri da cunkoso, yana tabbatar da cewa bayanai sun isa wurin da suke cikin sauri da dogaro.
Mahimmanci, Tashoshin Fiber yana canzawa yana sarrafa kwararar bayanai a cikin SAN, yana inganta aiki da aminci a cikin mahalli masu tarin bayanai.
3 Ta yaya suka bambanta?
Hakanan ana iya yin la’akari da kwatanta canjin LAN zuwa canjin SAN a matsayin kwatanta canjin SAN zuwa canjin hanyar sadarwa, ko Canjin Fiber Channel zuwa na’urar Ethernet. Bari mu kalli babban bambance-bambance tsakanin LAN switches da SAN switches.
Bambancin Aikace-aikacen
LAN switches an tsara su ne don zoben alama da cibiyoyin sadarwar FDDI kuma daga baya aka maye gurbinsu da Ethernet. Maɓallai na LAN suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka haɓakar LANs gabaɗaya da kuma magance ƙalubalen bandwidth na yanzu. LANs na iya haɗa na'urori daban-daban ba tare da matsala ba kamar sabar fayil, firintoci, ɗakunan ajiya, kwamfutoci, da sauransu.
Kuma an tsara canjin SAN don manyan hanyoyin sadarwa don tabbatar da ƙarancin latency da canja wurin bayanai marasa asara. An tsara shi a hankali don sarrafa nauyin ma'amala mai nauyi, musamman a cikin manyan hanyoyin sadarwa na Fiber Channel. Ko Ethernet ko Tashar Fiber, ana keɓance maɓallan cibiyar sadarwar yankin ajiya kuma an inganta su don sarrafa zirga-zirgar ajiya.
Bambancin Aiki
Yawanci, masu sauya LAN suna amfani da musaya na jan karfe da fiber kuma suna aiki akan hanyoyin sadarwa na tushen IP. Canjin LAN Layer 2 yana ba da fa'idodin canja wurin bayanai da sauri da ƙarancin latency.
Ya yi fice a cikin fasali kamar VoIP, QoS da rahoton bandwidth. Maɓallin LAN na Layer 3 suna ba da fasali iri ɗaya azaman masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa. Amma ga Layer 4 LAN Switch, wani ci gaba ne na Layer 3 LAN Switch wanda ke ba da ƙarin aikace-aikace kamar Telnet da FTP. Bugu da ƙari, LAN Switch yana goyan bayan ka'idoji ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga SNMP, DHCP, Apple Talk, TCP ba. / IP, da kuma IPX. Duk a cikin duka, LAN Canjin yana da tsada mai tsada, mai sauƙin amfani da hanyar sadarwar sadarwar da ke da kyau ga sha'anin kasuwanci da ci gaba da bukatun sadarwar.
SAN masu sauya sheka suna gina tushen hanyoyin sadarwar iSCSI, gami da tashar Fiber Channel da fasahar iSCSI. Mafi mahimmancin fasalin shine cewa masu sauya SAN suna ba da damar ajiya mafi girma akan masu sauya LAN. Maɓallin Tashar Fiber kuma na iya zama maɓallan Ethernet.
Da kyau, za a sadaukar da SAN na tushen Ethernet don sarrafa zirga-zirgar ajiya a cikin cibiyar sadarwar yankin ajiya ta IP, don haka tabbatar da aikin da ake iya faɗi. Har ila yau, ta hanyar haɗa maɓallan SAN, za a iya samar da babbar hanyar sadarwa ta SAN don haɗa sabar da yawa da tashoshin ajiya.
4 Ta yaya zan zaɓi canjin da ya dace?
Lokacin yin la'akari da LAN vs. SAN, zaɓi na LAN sauya ko SAN sauya ya zama mahimmanci. Idan bukatunku sun haɗa da ka'idojin raba fayil kamar IPX ko AppleTalk, to, maɓallin LAN na tushen IP shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don na'urar ajiya. Akasin haka, idan kuna buƙatar sauyawa don tallafawa ma'ajiyar tushen Fiber Channel, ana ba da shawarar sauya wurin ajiyar wurin cibiyar sadarwa.
Maɓallan LAN suna sauƙaƙe sadarwa a cikin LAN ta hanyar haɗa na'urori a cikin hanyar sadarwa ɗaya.
Fiber Channel switches, a gefe guda, ana amfani da su da farko don haɗa na'urorin ajiya zuwa sabobin don ingantaccen ajiya da kuma dawo da bayanai. Waɗannan maɓallan sun bambanta cikin farashi, scalability, topology, tsaro, da ƙarfin ajiya. Zaɓin tsakanin su ya dogara da takamaiman buƙatun amfani.
Maɓallan LAN ba su da tsada kuma suna da sauƙin daidaitawa, yayin da masu sauya SAN suna da tsada kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin hadaddun jeri.
A takaice dai, LAN switches da SAN switches iri-iri ne na na'urorin sadarwa daban-daban, kowanne yana taka rawa ta musamman a cikin hanyar sadarwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-17-2024