Tun lokacin da IPTV ta shigo kasuwa a shekarar 1999, karuwar ta karu a hankali. Ana sa ran masu amfani da IPTV na duniya za su kai sama da miliyan 26 nan da shekarar 2008, kuma yawan karuwar masu amfani da IPTV a kasar Sin a kowace shekara daga 2003 zuwa 2008 zai kai kashi 245%.
A cewar binciken, kilomita na ƙarshe naIPTVAna amfani da damar shiga galibi a yanayin samun damar kebul na DSL, ta hanyar bandwidth da kwanciyar hankali da sauran dalilai, IPTV a gasar da talabijin na yau da kullun yana da matsala, kuma hanyar samun damar shiga kebul na gina farashi mai yawa, zagayowar tana da tsawo, kuma tana da wahala. Saboda haka, yadda za a magance matsalar samun damar shiga ta IPTV ta hanyar mil na ƙarshe yana da mahimmanci musamman.
WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) wata fasaha ce ta samun damar shiga mara waya ta intanet wadda ta dogara ne akan jerin ka'idoji na IEEE802.16, wanda sannu a hankali ya zama sabon wurin ci gaba ga fasahar mara waya ta metro. Zai iya maye gurbin DSL da hanyoyin sadarwa na waya da ake da su don samar da hanyoyin sadarwa na intanet mara waya masu tsayayye, masu motsi. Saboda ƙarancin farashin gini, babban aikin fasaha da kuma babban aminci, zai zama ingantacciyar fasaha don magance matsalar samun damar shiga ta IPTV ta hanyar amfani da na'urar nesa ta ƙarshe.
2, halin da ake ciki a yanzu game da fasahar IPTV
A halin yanzu, fasahar shiga da aka saba amfani da ita don samar da ayyukan IPTV sun haɗa da fasahar DSL mai sauri, FTTB, FTTH da sauran fasahar shiga waya. Saboda ƙarancin saka hannun jari wajen amfani da tsarin DSL da ake da shi don tallafawa ayyukan IPTV, kashi 3/4 na masu aiki da hanyoyin sadarwa a Asiya suna amfani da akwatunan saita-sama don canza siginar DSL zuwa siginar TV don samar da ayyukan IPTV.
Mafi mahimmancin abubuwan da ke cikin mai ɗaukar IPTV sun haɗa da shirye-shiryen VOD da TV. Domin tabbatar da cewa ingancin kallon IPTV ya yi daidai da na hanyar sadarwa ta kebul na yanzu, ana buƙatar hanyar sadarwa ta mai ɗaukar IPTV ta samar da garanti a cikin bandwidth, jinkirin canza tashoshi, QoS na hanyar sadarwa, da sauransu, kuma waɗannan fannoni na fasahar DSL ba za su iya biyan buƙatun IPTV ba, kuma tallafin DSL don multicast yana da iyaka. Masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa na IPv4, ba sa tallafawa multicast. Kodayake a ka'ida har yanzu akwai sarari don haɓaka fasahar DSL, akwai ƙananan canje-canje masu inganci a cikin bandwidth.
3, halayen fasahar WiMAX
WiMAX fasaha ce ta intanet mara waya ta intanet wadda ta dogara da ma'aunin IEEE802.16, wanda sabon ma'aunin haɗin iska ne da aka tsara don tashoshin microwave da millimeter. Yana iya samar da saurin watsawa har zuwa 75Mbit/s, ɗaukar tashar tushe ɗaya har zuwa kilomita 50. An tsara WiMAX don hanyoyin sadarwa mara waya kuma don magance matsalar mil na ƙarshe na samun damar intanet, ana amfani da shi don haɗa "wuraren zafi" na Wi-Fi zuwa Intanet, amma kuma don haɗa yanayin kamfanin ko gida zuwa layin baya mai waya, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi azaman kebul da layin DTH, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman kebul da layin DTH. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don haɗa yanayi kamar kasuwanci ko gida zuwa ga tushen baya mai waya, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman faɗaɗa mara waya zuwa kebul da DSL don ba da damar samun damar intanet mara waya.
4. WiMAX yana ba da damar IPTV ta hanyar amfani da na'urar Wi-Fi.
(1) Bukatun IPTV akan hanyar sadarwa ta shiga
Babban fasalin sabis ɗin IPTV shine hulɗarsa da kuma aiki a ainihin lokaci. Ta hanyar sabis ɗin IPTV, masu amfani za su iya jin daɗin ayyukan kafofin watsa labarai na dijital masu inganci (kusa da matakin DVD), kuma za su iya zaɓar shirye-shiryen bidiyo daga hanyoyin sadarwa na IP mai sauri, suna tabbatar da mu'amala mai yawa tsakanin masu samar da kafofin watsa labarai da masu amfani da kafofin watsa labarai.
Domin tabbatar da cewa ingancin kallon IPTV ya yi daidai da na hanyar sadarwa ta kebul na yanzu, ana buƙatar hanyar sadarwa ta IPTV ta sami damar samar da garanti dangane da bandwidth, jinkirin canza tashoshi, QoS na hanyar sadarwa, da sauransu. Dangane da bandwidth na damar mai amfani, amfani da fasahar lambar da ake amfani da ita sosai, masu amfani suna buƙatar aƙalla bandwidth na damar saukar da hanyar sadarwa ta downlink 3 ~ 4Mbit / s, idan watsa bidiyo mai inganci, bandwidth da ake buƙata shi ma ya fi girma; a cikin jinkirin canza tashar, don tabbatar da cewa masu amfani da IPTV suna canzawa tsakanin tashoshi daban-daban da kuma canza TV na yau da kullun aiki iri ɗaya, yawan ayyukan IPTV suna buƙatar aƙalla kayan aikin biyan kuɗi na dijital (DSLAM) don tallafawa fasahar IP multicast; dangane da QoS na hanyar sadarwa, don hana asarar fakiti, jitter da sauran tasiri akan ingancin kallon IPTV.
(2) Kwatanta hanyar samun damar WiMAX da hanyar samun damar DSL, Wi-Fi da FTTx
DSL, saboda ƙa'idodin fasaha nata, har yanzu akwai matsaloli da yawa dangane da nisan, farashi da kuma saurin fita. Idan aka kwatanta da DSL, WiMAX a ka'ida zai iya rufe babban yanki, samar da saurin bayanai, yana da ƙarin saurin girma da kuma garantin QoS mafi girma.
Idan aka kwatanta da Wi-Fi, WiMAX yana da fa'idodin fasaha na faɗaɗa ɗaukar hoto, daidaitawa mai faɗi, ƙarfin haɓakawa, mafi girman QoS da tsaro, da sauransu. Wi-Fi ya dogara ne akan ma'aunin Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), kuma galibi ana amfani da shi don samun damar Intanet/Intranet da aka rarraba kusa a cikin gida, a ofisoshi, ko wuraren da ke da zafi; WiMAX ya dogara ne akan Wireless WiMAX ya dogara ne akan ma'aunin cibiyar sadarwa ta birni mara waya (WMAN), wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don sabis na samun damar bayanai mai sauri a ƙarƙashin wayar hannu mai tsayayye da ƙarancin gudu.
FTTB+LAN, a matsayin hanyar samun damar intanet mai sauri, tana aikiIPTVsabis ɗin ba tare da wata matsala ba a fasaha, amma matsalar wayoyi masu haɗawa a cikin ginin, farashin shigarwa da nisan watsawa wanda kebul mai jujjuyawa ya haifar yana iyakance shi. Halayen watsawa mara layi na WiMAX, sassauƙan shigarwa da daidaitawar daidaitawa, kyakkyawan ingancin sabis na QoS da tsaro mai ƙarfi duk sun sa ya zama hanya mafi kyau don samun damar IPTV.
(3) Fa'idodin WiMAX wajen samar da damar shiga IPTV ta hanyar amfani da waya
Ta hanyar kwatanta WiMAX da DSL, Wi-Fi da FTTx, za a iya ganin cewa WiMAX ita ce mafi kyawun zaɓi wajen cimma damar shiga IPTV. Tun daga watan Mayu na 2006, adadin membobin WiMAX Forum ya karu zuwa 356, kuma sama da masu aiki 120 a duk faɗin duniya sun shiga ƙungiyar. WiMAX zai zama fasaha mafi kyau don magance mil na ƙarshe na IPTV. WiMAX kuma zai zama madadin DSL da Wi-Fi mafi kyau.
(4) Fahimtar WiMAX na Samun damar IPTV
Ma'aunin IEEE802.16-2004 galibi yana da alaƙa da tashoshi masu tsayayye, matsakaicin nisan watsawa shine 7~10km, kuma hanyar sadarwarsa tana ƙasa da 11GHz, tana amfani da hanyar tashar zaɓi, kuma bandwidth na kowane tasha yana tsakanin 1.25 ~ 20MHz. Lokacin da bandwidth ɗin yake 20 MHz, matsakaicin ƙimar IEEE 802.16a zai iya kaiwa 75 Mbit/s, gabaɗaya 40 Mbit/s; lokacin da bandwidth ɗin yake 10 MHz, zai iya samar da matsakaicin ƙimar watsawa na 20 Mbit/s.
Cibiyoyin sadarwa na WiMAX suna tallafawa samfuran kasuwanci masu launuka iri-iri. Ayyukan bayanai na farashi daban-daban sune babban abin da cibiyar sadarwa ke burin cimmawa. WiMAX tana goyan bayan matakai daban-daban na QoS, don haka rufe hanyar sadarwa yana da alaƙa da nau'in sabis ɗin. Dangane da damar shiga IPTV. saboda IPTV yana buƙatar tabbacin QoS mai girma da saurin watsa bayanai. don haka ana saita hanyar sadarwar WiMAX daidai gwargwadon adadin masu amfani a yankin da buƙatunsu. Lokacin da masu amfani suka shiga hanyar sadarwar IPTV. Babu buƙatar sake aiwatar da wayoyi, kawai kuna buƙatar ƙara kayan aikin karɓar WiMAX da akwatin saitin IP, don masu amfani su iya amfani da sabis na IPTV cikin sauƙi da sauri.
A halin yanzu, IPTV kasuwanci ne mai tasowa wanda ke da babban damar kasuwa, kuma ci gabansa har yanzu yana cikin ƙuruciya. Yanayin ci gabansa na gaba shine ƙara haɗa ayyukan IPTV da tashoshi, kuma TV zai zama cikakkiyar tashar gida ta dijital tare da sadarwa da ayyukan Intanet. Amma IPTV don cimma nasara a zahiri, ba wai kawai don magance matsalar abun ciki ba, har ma don magance matsalolin kilomita na ƙarshe.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-05-2024