A cikin ginin cibiyar sadarwa na fiber-to-the-gida (FTTH), masu rarraba na gani, a matsayin ainihin abubuwan haɗin hanyoyin sadarwa na gani (PONs), suna ba da damar raba masu amfani da yawa na fiber guda ɗaya ta hanyar rarraba wutar lantarki, kai tsaye tasirin aikin cibiyar sadarwa da ƙwarewar mai amfani. Wannan labarin yana nazarin mahimman fasahohi a cikin shirin FTTH daga mahalli huɗu: zaɓin fasahar raba kayan gani, ƙirar gine-ginen cibiyar sadarwa, haɓaka rabon rabo, da yanayin gaba.
Zaɓin Rarraba Na gani: PLC da Kwatancen Fasaha na FBT
1. Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) Rarraba:
• Cikakken goyon bayan bandeji (1260-1650 nm), dace da tsarin tsayi mai yawa;
• Yana goyan bayan babban tsari (misali, 1 × 64), asarar shigarwa ≤17 dB;
• Babban kwanciyar hankali (-40 ° C zuwa 85 ° C canzawa <0.5 dB);
• Karamin marufi, kodayake farashin farko ya yi yawa.
2. Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) Splitter:
• Yana goyan bayan takamaiman tsayin raƙuman ruwa (misali, 1310/1490 nm);
• Iyakance zuwa ƙananan rarrabuwa (a ƙasa 1 × 8);
• Gagarumin hasara a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi;
•Rashin tsada, dace da yanayin takurawa kasafin kuɗi.
Dabarun Zaɓi:
A cikin manyan biranen birni (ginayen gine-gine masu girma, yankunan kasuwanci), masu rarraba PLC ya kamata a ba da fifiko don biyan buƙatun tsagawa masu girma yayin da suke kiyaye daidaituwa tare da haɓakawa na XGS-PON / 50G PON.
Don yanayin ƙauye ko ƙananan yawa, ana iya zaɓar masu raba FBT don rage farashin turawa na farko. Hasashen kasuwa yana nuna hannun jarin PLC zai wuce 80% (LightCounting 2024), da farko saboda fa'idodin haɓakar fasahar sa.
Zane-zanen Gine-ginen hanyar sadarwa: Tsarkake da Rarraba Rarraba
1. Tier-1 Tsaba Tsakanin
•Topology: OLT → 1 × 32/1 × 64 splitter (an tura a dakin kayan aiki / FDH) → ONT.
• Abubuwan da suka dace: CBDs na birni, wuraren zama masu yawa.
• Amfanin:
- 30% haɓakawa a ingantaccen wurin kuskure;
- Asarar mataki ɗaya na 17-21 dB, yana tallafawa watsawar 20 km;
- Fadada ƙarfin sauri ta hanyar maye gurbin mai raba (misali, 1 × 32 → 1 × 64).
2. Rarraba Multi-Level Splitter
•Topology: OLT → 1×4 (Level 1) → 1×8 (Mataki na 2) → ONT, hidimar gidaje 32.
• Abubuwan da suka dace: yankunan karkara, yankuna masu tsaunuka, gidajen gidaje.
• Amfanin:
- Yana rage farashin fiber na baya da 40%;
- Yana goyan bayan sakewar hanyar sadarwa ta zobe (canzawar reshe ta atomatik);
- Daidaitacce zuwa hadadden wuri.
Haɓaka Raba Rarraba: Daidaita Nisan Watsawa da Bukatun Bandwidth
1. Ƙwararren Mai Amfani da Tabbacin Bandwidth
Ƙarƙashin XGS-PON (10G na ƙasa) tare da 1 × 64 tsararren tsaga, iyakar bandwidth ga kowane mai amfani yana da kusan 156Mbps (50% ƙima);
Wurare masu girma suna buƙatar Rarraba Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) ko faɗaɗa C++ don haɓaka iya aiki.
2. Samar da haɓakawa na gaba
Ajiye ≥3dB gefen ikon gani na gani don ɗaukar tsufan fiber;
Zaɓi PLC splitters tare da daidaitacce rarrabuwa rabo (misali, daidaitacce 1×32 ↔ 1×64) don kauce wa sake ginawa.
Abubuwan Gabatarwa da Ƙirƙirar Fasaha
Fasahar PLC tana haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna:Yaɗuwar 10G PON ya ƙaddamar da masu rarraba PLC zuwa ga ɗauka na yau da kullun, yana tallafawa haɓakawa mara kyau zuwa 50G PON.
Ƙunƙarar tsarin gine-gine masu haɗaka:Haɗa rarrabuwar kawuna guda ɗaya a cikin birane tare da rarrabuwar matakai da yawa a cikin yankunan birni yana daidaita ingancin ɗaukar hoto da farashi.
Fasahar ODN mai hankali:eODN yana ba da damar sake fasalin nesa na rarrabuwar kayyade da hasashen kuskure, haɓaka hankali na aiki.
Ci gaban haɗin gwiwar Silicon photonics:Monolithic 32-channel PLC kwakwalwan kwamfuta yana rage farashi da kashi 50%, yana ba da damar 1 × 128 matsananci-high rarrabuwa rabo don ciyar da duk-na gani mai kaifin baki ci gaban birni.
Ta hanyar zaɓin fasaha da aka keɓance, ƙaddamar da aikin gine-gine mai sassauƙa, da haɓaka ƙimar rabo mai ƙarfi, cibiyoyin sadarwar FTTH na iya tallafawa ingantaccen buƙatun gigabit da buƙatun juyin halitta na tsawon shekaru goma na gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-04-2025