OXC (haɗin gani na gani) sigar da aka haɓaka ce ta ROADM (Mai Sauya Tsarin Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer).
A matsayin babban abin da ke canza hanyoyin sadarwa na gani, daidaito da ingancin haɗin haɗin ido na gani (OXCs) ba wai kawai yana ƙayyade sassaucin yanayin hanyoyin sadarwa ba, har ma yana shafar kai tsaye farashin gini da aiki da kulawa na manyan hanyoyin sadarwa na gani. Nau'ikan OXC daban-daban suna nuna bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar gine-gine da aiwatar da aiki.
Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna tsarin gargajiya na CDC-OXC (Colorless Directionless Contentionless Optical Cross-Connect), wanda ke amfani da maɓallan zaɓin tsayi (WSSs). A gefen layi, 1 × N da N × 1 WSSs suna aiki azaman kayan shiga/fita, yayin da M × K WSSs a gefen ƙara/fita ke sarrafa ƙari da faɗuwar raƙuman ruwa. Waɗannan kayan suna haɗuwa ta hanyar zare na gani a cikin bayan OXC.
Hoto: Tsarin Gargajiya na CDC-OXC
Haka kuma za a iya cimma wannan ta hanyar mayar da tsarin baya zuwa hanyar sadarwa ta Spanke, wanda ke haifar da tsarin Spanke-OXC ɗinmu.
Hoto: Tsarin Spanke-OXC
Hoton da ke sama ya nuna cewa a gefen layi, OXC yana da alaƙa da nau'ikan tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda biyu: tashoshin jiragen ruwa na alkibla da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na fiber. Kowace tashar jiragen ruwa ta alkibla tana daidai da alkiblar OXC a cikin yanayin hanyar sadarwa, yayin da kowace tashar jiragen ruwa ta fiber tana wakiltar nau'ikan zaruruwa biyu a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa ta alkibla. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta alkibla tana ɗauke da nau'ikan zaruruwa biyu na alkibla (watau, tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa na fiber).
Duk da cewa OXC mai tushen Spanke ya cimma matsaya ta hanyar tsarin baya mai haɗin kai, iyakokinsa suna ƙara zama masu mahimmanci yayin da zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa ke ƙaruwa. Iyakar adadin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na maɓallan zaɓi na kasuwanci (WSSs) (misali, matsakaicin da ake tallafawa a yanzu shine tashoshin jiragen ruwa 1×48, kamar FlexGrid Twin 1×48 na Finisar) yana nufin cewa faɗaɗa girman OXC yana buƙatar maye gurbin duk kayan aiki, wanda ke da tsada kuma yana hana sake amfani da kayan aikin da ake da su.
Ko da tare da tsarin OXC mai girma wanda ya dogara da hanyoyin sadarwa na Clos, har yanzu yana dogara ne akan M×N WSSs masu tsada, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama da wahala a cika buƙatun haɓakawa na ƙari.
Domin magance wannan ƙalubalen, masu bincike sun gabatar da sabon tsarin gine-gine na haɗaka: HMWC-OXC (Hybrid MEMS da WSS Clos Network). Ta hanyar haɗa tsarin microelectromechanical (MEMS) da WSS, wannan tsarin yana kiyaye aikin da ba ya toshewa yayin da yake tallafawa damar "biya-yayin da-ka-girma", yana samar da hanyar haɓakawa mai inganci ga masu aiki da hanyoyin sadarwa na gani.
Tsarin HMWC-OXC na asali yana cikin tsarin hanyar sadarwa ta Clos mai matakai uku.
Hoto: Tsarin Spanke-OXC Dangane da Hanyoyin Sadarwa na HMWC
Ana amfani da manyan maɓallan gani na MEMS a matakan shigarwa da fitarwa, kamar sikelin 512×512 wanda fasahar zamani ke tallafawa a yanzu, don samar da babban wurin tashar jiragen ruwa mai iya ɗaukar kaya. Tsarin tsakiya ya ƙunshi ƙananan na'urori na Spanke-OXC da yawa, waɗanda aka haɗa ta hanyar "T-ports" don rage cunkoso na ciki.
A matakin farko, masu aiki za su iya gina kayayyakin more rayuwa bisa ga Spanke-OXC da ke akwai (misali, sikelin 4×4), kawai su tura maɓallan MEMS (misali, 32×32) a matakan shigarwa da fitarwa, yayin da suke riƙe da tsarin Spanke-OXC guda ɗaya a matakin tsakiya (a wannan yanayin, adadin tashoshin T ba sifili ba ne). Yayin da buƙatun ƙarfin hanyar sadarwa ke ƙaruwa, ana ƙara sabbin kayan Spanke-OXC a hankali zuwa matakin tsakiya, kuma an tsara tashoshin T don haɗa kayan.
Misali, lokacin da ake faɗaɗa adadin na'urori masu matsakaicin matsayi daga ɗaya zuwa biyu, ana saita adadin tashoshin T zuwa ɗaya, wanda ke ƙara jimlar girma daga huɗu zuwa shida.
Hoto: Misalin HMWC-OXC
Wannan tsari yana bin ƙa'idar siga M > N × (S − T), inda:
M shine adadin tashoshin MEMS,
N shine adadin matakan matsakaici na Layer,
S shine adadin tashoshin jiragen ruwa a cikin Spanke-OXC guda ɗaya, kuma
T shine adadin tashoshin da ke da alaƙa da juna.
Ta hanyar daidaita waɗannan sigogi akai-akai, HMWC-OXC na iya tallafawa faɗaɗawa a hankali daga sikelin farko zuwa girman da aka nufa (misali, 64×64) ba tare da maye gurbin duk albarkatun kayan aiki a lokaci guda ba.
Domin tabbatar da ainihin aikin wannan tsarin, ƙungiyar bincike ta gudanar da gwaje-gwajen kwaikwayo bisa ga buƙatun hanyoyin gani masu ƙarfi.
Hoto: Hana Aikin Cibiyar Sadarwa ta HMWC
Kwaikwayon yana amfani da tsarin zirga-zirgar Erlang, ana ɗauka cewa buƙatun sabis suna bin rarraba Poisson kuma lokutan riƙe sabis suna bin rarrabawar exponential mara kyau. An saita jimlar nauyin zirga-zirga zuwa Erlangs 3100. Girman OXC da aka nufa shine 64×64, kuma sikelin shigarwa da fitarwa na MEMS shima shine 64×64. Tsarin module na Spanke-OXC na tsakiya ya haɗa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai 32×32 ko 48×48. Adadin tashoshin T-ports yana tsakanin 0 zuwa 16 dangane da buƙatun yanayi.
Sakamakon ya nuna cewa, a cikin yanayin da ke da girman alkibla na D = 4, yuwuwar toshewar HMWC-OXC tana kusa da na asali na Spanke-OXC na gargajiya (S(64,4)). Misali, ta amfani da tsarin v(64,2,32,0,4), yuwuwar toshewar tana ƙaruwa da kusan kashi 5% kawai a ƙarƙashin matsakaicin nauyi. Lokacin da girman alkibla ya ƙaru zuwa D = 8, yuwuwar toshewar tana ƙaruwa saboda "tasirin akwati" da raguwar tsawon zare a kowane alkibla. Duk da haka, ana iya rage wannan matsalar ta hanyar ƙara yawan tashoshin T (misali, tsarin v(64,2,48,16,8).
Abin lura, kodayake ƙara kayan aikin tsakiya na iya haifar da toshewar ciki saboda takaddamar tashar T-port, tsarin gabaɗaya har yanzu yana iya cimma ingantaccen aiki ta hanyar daidaitawa mai dacewa.
Binciken farashi ya ƙara nuna fa'idodin HMWC-OXC, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.
Hoto: Toshe Yiwuwar Hana Yiwuwa da Kudin Tsarin OXC daban-daban
A cikin yanayi mai yawan yawa tare da raƙuman ruwa/fiber 80, HMWC-OXC (v(64,2,44,12,64)) na iya rage farashi da kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da Spanke-OXC na gargajiya. A cikin yanayi mai ƙarancin raƙuman ruwa (misali, raƙuman ruwa/fiber 50), fa'idar farashi ta fi mahimmanci saboda raguwar adadin tashoshin T da ake buƙata (misali, v(64,2,36,4,64)).
Wannan fa'idar tattalin arziki ta samo asali ne daga haɗuwar yawan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na makullan MEMS da dabarun faɗaɗawa na zamani, wanda ba wai kawai yana guje wa kuɗin maye gurbin WSS mai girma ba, har ma yana rage ƙarin farashi ta hanyar sake amfani da na'urorin Spanke-OXC da ke akwai. Sakamakon kwaikwayo kuma ya nuna cewa ta hanyar daidaita adadin na'urorin tsakiyar layi da rabon tashoshin T, HMWC-OXC na iya daidaita aiki da farashi a ƙarƙashin iyawar tsayi daban-daban da kuma tsarin alkibla, yana ba masu aiki damar ingantawa mai girma da yawa.
Binciken da za a yi nan gaba zai iya ƙara bincika tsarin rarrabawa na tashar T-tashar mai ƙarfi don inganta amfani da albarkatun cikin gida. Bugu da ƙari, tare da ci gaba a cikin hanyoyin kera MEMS, haɗakar manyan maɓallan zai ƙara haɓaka girman wannan tsarin. Ga masu aiki da hanyoyin sadarwa na gani, wannan tsarin ya dace musamman ga yanayi tare da rashin tabbas na haɓakar zirga-zirga, yana samar da mafita ta fasaha mai amfani don gina hanyar sadarwa mai jurewa da sauri.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-21-2025