Mun san cewa tun daga shekarun 1990, ana amfani da fasahar WDM wavelength division multiplexing don hanyoyin haɗin fiber optic masu nisa waɗanda suka kai ɗaruruwan ko ma dubban kilomita. Ga yawancin ƙasashe da yankuna, kayayyakin more rayuwa na fiber optic sune kadarori mafi tsada, yayin da farashin kayan transceiver yana da ƙasa kaɗan.
Duk da haka, tare da ƙaruwar yawan watsa bayanai na hanyar sadarwa kamar 5G, fasahar WDM ta ƙara zama mai mahimmanci a cikin hanyoyin haɗin nesa, kuma yawan tura hanyoyin haɗin gajere ya fi girma, wanda hakan ya sa farashi da girman sassan transceiver suka fi dacewa.
A halin yanzu, waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa har yanzu suna dogara ne akan dubban zare na gani guda ɗaya don watsawa a layi ɗaya ta hanyar tashoshin rarraba sararin samaniya, kuma ƙimar bayanai na kowane tasha tana da ƙasa kaɗan, aƙalla ƴan ɗaruruwan Gbit/s (800G). Matakan T na iya samun iyakataccen aikace-aikace.
Amma a nan gaba, manufar daidaitawar sarari ta yau da kullun za ta kai ga iyakar daidaitawarta nan ba da jimawa ba, kuma dole ne a ƙara mata ta hanyar daidaitawar kwararar bayanai a cikin kowace zare don ci gaba da ci gaba da haɓaka ƙimar bayanai. Wannan na iya buɗe sabon sararin aikace-aikace don fasahar ninka yawan rabe-raben raƙuman ruwa, inda matsakaicin girman adadin tashoshi da ƙimar bayanai yake da mahimmanci.
A wannan yanayin, janareta mai amfani da mitar comb (FCG), a matsayin tushen haske mai ƙanƙanta da tsayayyen tsayi mai yawa, zai iya samar da adadi mai yawa na masu ɗaukar haske masu kyau, don haka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Bugu da ƙari, wata muhimmiyar fa'ida ta musamman ta comb mai amfani da mitar comb ita ce layukan comb suna da daidaito a mita, wanda zai iya sassauta buƙatun madaukai masu tsaro tsakanin tashoshi kuma ya guji sarrafa mitar da ake buƙata don layuka guda ɗaya a cikin tsare-tsaren gargajiya ta amfani da jerin laser na DFB.
Ya kamata a lura cewa waɗannan fa'idodin ba wai kawai sun shafi mai watsawa na ninkawar rabuwar tsawon rai ba, har ma da mai karɓar sa, inda za a iya maye gurbin jerin oscillator na gida mai rarrabuwa (LO) da janareta ɗaya. Amfani da janareta na ƙoƙon LO na iya ƙara sauƙaƙe sarrafa siginar dijital a cikin tashoshin ninkawar rabuwar tsawon rai, ta haka rage sarkakiyar mai karɓa da inganta haƙurin hayaniyar lokaci.
Bugu da ƙari, amfani da siginar ƙoƙon LO tare da aikin kulle-kulle na lokaci don karɓar haɗin kai mai layi ɗaya na iya sake gina tsarin raƙuman lokaci na dukkan siginar rarrabuwar raƙuman ruwa, don haka yana rama lalacewar da rashin daidaituwar gani na zaren watsawa ya haifar. Baya ga fa'idodin ra'ayi dangane da watsa siginar ƙoƙo, ƙaramin girma da samar da babban sikelin mai inganci suma manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da na'urorin watsawa na rarraba raƙuman ruwa na gaba.
Saboda haka, tsakanin ra'ayoyi daban-daban na samar da siginar tsefe, na'urorin matakin guntu suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Idan aka haɗa su da da'irori masu haɗakar photonic masu ƙarfi don daidaita siginar bayanai, ninkawa, rarraba hanya, da karɓa, irin waɗannan na'urori na iya zama mabuɗin ga na'urorin watsawa masu yawa waɗanda ke da ƙanƙanta da inganci waɗanda za a iya ƙera su da yawa a farashi mai rahusa, tare da ƙarfin watsawa na ɗimbin Tbit/s a kowace zare.
A lokacin da aka fitar da ƙarshen aikawa, ana sake haɗa kowace tashar ta hanyar multiplexer (MUX), kuma ana watsa siginar multiplexing division division multiplexing ta hanyar zare guda ɗaya. A ƙarshen karɓa, mai karɓar multiplexing division division multiplexing (WDM Rx) yana amfani da oscillator na gida na LO na FCG na biyu don gano tsangwama mai yawa. Ana raba tashar siginar multiplexing division input rabe ta hanyar demultiplexer sannan a aika zuwa ga jerin masu karɓar haɗin kai (Coh. Rx). Daga cikinsu, ana amfani da mitar demultiplexing na oscillator na gida LO a matsayin ma'aunin lokaci ga kowane mai karɓar haɗin kai. Ayyukan wannan hanyar haɗin multiplexing division division multiplexing a bayyane yake ya dogara ne akan janareta siginar comb na asali, musamman faɗin haske da ƙarfin gani na kowane layin comb.
Ba shakka, fasahar tsefe mitar gani har yanzu tana cikin matakin haɓakawa, kuma yanayin aikace-aikacenta da girman kasuwa ƙanana ne. Idan za ta iya shawo kan matsalolin fasaha, rage farashi, da inganta aminci, za ta iya cimma matsakaicin aikace-aikacen watsawa ta gani.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-19-2024