Kamar yadda muka sani, tun daga shekarun 1990, ana amfani da fasahar WDM WDM don hanyoyin haɗin fiber-optic masu tsayi na ɗaruruwa ko ma dubban kilomita. Ga yawancin yankuna na ƙasar, kayayyakin more rayuwa na fiber sune kadarori mafi tsada, yayin da farashin kayan transceiver yana da ƙasa kaɗan.
Duk da haka, tare da fashewar ƙimar bayanai a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa kamar 5G, fasahar WDM tana ƙara zama mai mahimmanci a cikin hanyoyin haɗin kai na gajere, waɗanda aka tura su cikin manyan girma kuma saboda haka suna da hankali ga farashi da girman haɗakar na'urorin transceiver.
A halin yanzu, waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa har yanzu suna dogara ne akan dubban zare na gani guda ɗaya da aka watsa a layi ɗaya ta hanyar tashoshin rarraba sararin samaniya, tare da ƙarancin ƙimar bayanai na aƙalla ƴan ɗaruruwan Gbit/s (800G) a kowace tashoshi, tare da ƙaramin adadin aikace-aikacen da za a iya amfani da su a cikin aji na T.
Duk da haka, a nan gaba, manufar daidaitawar sarari ta gama gari nan ba da jimawa ba za ta kai ga iyakar daidaitawarta, kuma dole ne a ƙara mata daidaito ta hanyar daidaita kwararar bayanai a cikin kowane zare domin ci gaba da ƙaruwa a cikin ƙimar bayanai. Wannan na iya buɗe sabon sararin aikace-aikace don fasahar WDM, inda matsakaicin girman daidaitawa dangane da adadin tashoshi da ƙimar bayanai yake da mahimmanci.
A cikin wannan mahallin,janareta mai amfani da mitar gani (FCG)yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin ƙaramin tushen haske mai tsayin daka, wanda zai iya samar da adadi mai yawa na masu ɗaukar haske masu kyau. Bugu da ƙari, wata muhimmiyar fa'ida ta musamman ta tsefewar mitar gani ita ce layukan tsefe suna da daidaito a cikin mita, don haka suna sassauta buƙatar madaukai masu tsaro tsakanin tashoshi da kuma guje wa ikon sarrafa mitar da za a buƙaci don layi ɗaya a cikin tsarin gargajiya ta amfani da jerin lasers na DFB.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan fa'idodin ba wai kawai sun shafi masu watsa shirye-shiryen WDM ba har ma da masu karɓar su, inda za a iya maye gurbin jerin oscillator na gida daban-daban (LO) da janareta ɗaya. Amfani da janareta na LO yana ƙara sauƙaƙe sarrafa siginar dijital don tashoshin WDM, ta haka yana rage sarkakiyar mai karɓa da kuma ƙara haƙurin hayaniyar lokaci.
Bugu da ƙari, amfani da siginar ƙoƙon LO tare da kulle-kulle lokaci don karɓar haɗin kai mai layi ɗaya har ma yana ba da damar sake gina tsarin raƙuman lokaci na dukkan siginar WDM, don haka yana rama lalacewar da rashin daidaituwa na gani ya haifar a cikin zaren watsawa. Baya ga waɗannan fa'idodin ra'ayi na watsa siginar bisa ƙoƙo, ƙaramin girma da samar da taro mai inganci suma suna da mahimmanci ga masu watsawa na WDM na gaba.
Saboda haka, daga cikin ra'ayoyi daban-daban na samar da siginar tsefe, na'urorin sikelin guntu suna da matuƙar sha'awa. Idan aka haɗa su da da'irori masu haɗakar photonic masu ƙarfi don daidaita siginar bayanai, ninkawa, hanya da karɓa, irin waɗannan na'urori na iya riƙe mabuɗin ƙananan na'urorin watsawa na WDM masu inganci waɗanda za a iya ƙera su da yawa akan farashi mai rahusa, tare da ƙarfin watsawa har zuwa goma na Tbit/s a kowace zare.
Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna tsarin watsawa na WDM ta amfani da tsefewar mitar gani FCG a matsayin tushen haske mai tsawon zango da yawa. Da farko an raba siginar tsefe ta FCG a cikin demultiplexer (DEMUX) sannan a shiga cikin EOM electro-optical modulator. Ta hanyar, siginar tana ƙarƙashin ingantaccen tsarin QAM quadrature amplitude modulation don ingantaccen ingancin spectral (SE).
A lokacin da ake fitar da na'urar watsawa, ana sake haɗa tashoshin a cikin na'urar multiplexer (MUX) kuma ana watsa siginar WDM ta hanyar zare mai yanayin guda ɗaya. A ƙarshen karɓa, mai karɓar rabe-raben raƙuman raƙuman ruwa (WDM Rx), yana amfani da na'urar oscillator ta gida ta LO na FCG na 2 don gano mai haɗin gwiwa mai yawa. Ana raba tashoshin siginar WDM ta hanyar demultiplexer kuma ana ciyar da su zuwa jerin masu karɓar haɗin gwiwa (Coh. Rx). inda ake amfani da mitar demultiplexing na na'urar oscillator ta gida LO azaman nuni na lokaci ga kowane mai karɓar haɗin gwiwa. Ayyukan irin waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin WDM a bayyane yake ya dogara ne da babban ƙarfin janareta na siginar tsefe, musamman faɗin layin gani da ƙarfin gani a kowane layin tsefe.
Ba shakka, fasahar tsefe mitar gani har yanzu tana cikin matakin ci gaba, kuma yanayin aikace-aikacenta da girman kasuwa ƙanana ne. Idan za ta iya shawo kan matsalolin fasaha, rage farashi da inganta aminci, to za ta yiwu a cimma aikace-aikacen matakin sikelin a cikin watsawa ta gani.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-21-2024