Lokacin da ya zo ga kayan aiki na gefen mai amfani a cikin hanyar shiga fiber na broadband, muna yawan ganin kalmomin Ingilishi kamar ONU, ONT, SFU, da HGU.Menene waɗannan sharuddan ke nufi?Menene bambanci?
1. ONUs da ONTs
Babban nau'ikan aikace-aikace na hanyoyin samun fiber na gani na broadband sun haɗa da: FTTH, FTTO, da FTTB, kuma nau'ikan kayan aikin gefen mai amfani sun bambanta ƙarƙashin nau'ikan aikace-aikacen daban-daban.Kayan aiki na gefen mai amfani na FTTH da FTTO ana amfani da su ta hanyar mai amfani guda ɗaya, wanda ake kiraONT(Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa na gani, tashar tashar sadarwa ta gani), da kayan aikin gefen mai amfani na FTTB ana raba su ta masu amfani da yawa, wanda ake kira.ONU(Rashin hanyar sadarwa na gani, naúrar cibiyar sadarwar gani).
Mai amfani da aka ambata anan yana nufin mai amfani wanda mai aiki ya yi lissafin kansa, ba adadin tashoshi da aka yi amfani da shi ba.Misali, ONT na FTTH gabaɗaya ana raba shi ta tashoshi da yawa a cikin gida, amma mai amfani ɗaya kaɗai za a iya ƙidaya.
2. Nau'in ONTs
ONT shine abin da muke yawan kira modem na gani, wanda aka raba zuwa SFU (Rukunin Iyali guda ɗaya, rukunin masu amfani da iyali guda ɗaya), HGU (Rukunin Ƙofar Gida, rukunin ƙofar gida) da SBU (Sashin Kasuwanci ɗaya, rukunin masu amfani da kasuwanci ɗaya).
2.1.SFU
SFU gabaɗaya yana da mu'amalar Ethernet 1 zuwa 4, ƙayyadaddun musaya na tarho 1 zuwa 2, wasu samfuran kuma suna da mu'amalar TV ta USB.SFU ba ta da aikin ƙofar gida, kuma kawai tashar tashar da aka haɗa da tashar Ethernet za ta iya buga waya don samun damar Intanet, kuma aikin sarrafa nesa ba shi da ƙarfi.Modem na gani da aka yi amfani da shi a farkon matakin FTTH na SFU ne, wanda ba kasafai ake amfani da shi yanzu ba.
2.2.HGUs
Modem na gani sanye da masu amfani da FTTH da aka buɗe a cikin 'yan shekarun nan dukaHGU.Idan aka kwatanta da SFU, HGU yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:
(1) HGU na'urar ƙofa ce, wacce ta dace da sadarwar gida;yayin da SFU na'urar watsawa ce ta gaskiya, wacce ba ta da damar ƙofa, kuma gabaɗaya tana buƙatar haɗin gwiwar na'urorin ƙofa kamar na'urorin gida a cikin sadarwar gida.
(2) HGU yana goyan bayan yanayin kewayawa kuma yana da aikin NAT, wanda shine na'urar Layer-3;yayin da nau'in SFU kawai ke goyan bayan yanayin haɗin gwiwa na Layer-2, wanda yayi daidai da canjin Layer-2.
(3) HGU na iya aiwatar da aikace-aikacen sa na buɗaɗɗen bugun kira, kuma kwamfutoci masu alaƙa da tashoshi na wayar hannu suna iya shiga Intanet kai tsaye ba tare da buga waya ba;yayin da SFU dole ne a buga ta kwamfutar mai amfani ko wayar hannu ko ta hanyar na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.
(4) HGU ya fi sauƙi ga babban aiki da kulawa da kulawa.
HGU yakan zo daWiFi kuma yana da tashar USB.
2.3.SBUs
Ana amfani da SBU galibi don samun damar mai amfani da FTTO, kuma gabaɗaya yana da hanyar sadarwa ta Ethernet, kuma wasu samfuran suna da ƙirar E1, ƙirar layin ƙasa, ko aikin wifi.Idan aka kwatanta da SFU da HGU, SBU yana da mafi kyawun aikin kariya na lantarki da kwanciyar hankali mafi girma, kuma ana amfani dashi a lokuta na waje kamar sa ido na bidiyo.
3. ONUTda
ONU ya kasu kashiMDU(Rukunin Mazauna da yawa, rukunin mazauna da yawa) da MTU (Rukunin Masu haya da yawa, rukunin masu haya da yawa).
Ana amfani da MDU galibi don samun dama ga masu amfani da mazauni da yawa a ƙarƙashin nau'in aikace-aikacen FTTB, kuma gabaɗaya yana da aƙalla hanyoyin mu'amalar masu amfani guda 4, yawanci tare da mu'amalar 8, 16, 24 FE ko FE + POTS (daidaitacce tarho).
Ana amfani da MTU galibi don samun dama ga masu amfani da kamfanoni da yawa ko tashoshi masu yawa a cikin kamfani iri ɗaya a yanayin FTTB.Baya ga kewayon Ethernet da ƙayyadaddun ƙirar tarho, yana iya samun E1 interface;Siffa da aikin MTU yawanci ba iri ɗaya bane da na MDU.Bambanci, amma aikin kariyar lantarki ya fi kyau kuma kwanciyar hankali ya fi girma.Tare da yaduwar FTTO, yanayin aikace-aikacen MTU yana ƙara ƙarami da ƙarami.
4. Takaitawa
Samun damar fiber na gani na Broadband galibi yana ɗaukar fasahar PON.Lokacin da ba a bambanta takamaiman nau'in kayan aikin-gefen mai amfani ba, kayan aikin-gefen mai amfani na tsarin PON ana iya kiran shi tare da ONU.
ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU…waɗannan na'urori duk suna bayyana kayan aikin gefe na mai amfani don samun damar hanyoyin sadarwa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban, kuma ana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin su a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-21-2023